Intervensi bersepeda komunitas terhadap kebugaran kardiorespirasi dan keterhubungan sosial perempuan dewasa
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32682/bravos.v14i3/361Keywords:
komunitas bersepeda, kebugaran kardiorespirasi, keterhubungan sosial, perempuan dewasaAbstract
Latar Belakang Masalah: Rendahnya aktivitas fisik dan keterbatasan keterhubungan sosial merupakan hambatan signifikan bagi kesehatan perempuan dewasa, terutama ketika rutinitas domestik membatasi waktu untuk berolahraga dan bersosialisasi. Tujuan Penelitian: Penelitian ini menganalisis perubahan kebugaran kardiorespirasi dan keterhubungan sosial setelah intervensi bersepeda komunitas pada perempuan dewasa. Metode: Penelitian kuantitatif ini menggunakan desain pra-eksperimental one-group pretest-posttest pada 30 perempuan dewasa di Kota Tasikmalaya yang dipilih melalui purposive sampling. Intervensi berlangsung selama empat minggu (dua kali per minggu, total delapan sesi berdurasi 60 menit) dan terdiri atas pemanasan, bersepeda dengan intensitas sedang, pendinginan, serta interaksi kelompok. Kebugaran kardiorespirasi diukur menggunakan Modified Harvard Step Test (Physical Fitness Index/PFI), dan keterhubungan sosial diukur menggunakan Social Connectedness Scale-Revised (SCS-R) versi bahasa Indonesia. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji paired-samples t-test, uji Wilcoxon signed-rank, dan uji korelasi Spearman. Hasil: Rerata Physical Fitness Index meningkat dari 56,67 menjadi 73,23 (rerata perubahan 16,567; t(29)=69,547; p<0,001). Median skor SCS-R meningkat dengan median perubahan sebesar 17,000 (Z = 4,894; p < 0,001). Terdapat korelasi positif yang kuat antara perubahan PFI dan SCS-R (ρ=0,693; p<0,001). Kesimpulan: Intervensi bersepeda komunitas berasosiasi dengan peningkatan kebugaran kardiorespirasi dan keterhubungan sosial pada kelompok yang diteliti. Program ini berpotensi diterapkan sebagai strategi promosi kesehatan berbasis komunitas bagi perempuan dewasa. Penelitian selanjutnya disarankan untuk menggunakan kelompok kontrol, sampel yang lebih besar, serta evaluasi jangka panjang.
Downloads
References
Bagaskara, R. S., & Widyastuti, T. (2023). Adaptasi Social Connectedness Scale-Revised edisi Bahasa Indonesia. Jurnal Psikologi, 19(2), 143–158. https://doi.org/10.24014/jp.v19i2.21124
Batalha, A. P. D. B., Marçal, I. R., Main, E., & Ghisi, G. L. M. (2025). Barriers to physical activity in women from ethnic minority groups: A systematic review. BMC Women’s Health, 25, Article 3877. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12905-025-03877-y
Bourne, J. E., Leary, S., Page, A. S., Searle, A., England, C., Thompson, D., Andrews, R., Foster, C., & Cooper, A. R. (2023). Electrically assisted cycling for individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A pilot randomized controlled trial. Pilot and Feasibility Studies, 9, Article 52. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40814-023-01283-5
Bull, F. C., Al-Ansari, S. S., Biddle, S., Borodulin, K., Buman, M. P., Cardon, G., Carty, C., Chaput, J.-P., Chastin, S., Chou, R., Dempsey, P. C., DiPietro, L., Ekelund, U., Firth, J., Friedenreich, C. M., García, L., Gichu, M., Jago, R., Katzmarzyk, P. T., … Willumsen, J. F. (2020). World Health Organization 2020 guidelines on physical activity and sedentary behaviour. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 54(24), 1451–1462. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2020-102955
Cooper, M., Avery, L., Scott, J., Ashley, K., Jordan, C., Errington, L., & Flynn, D. (2022). Effectiveness and active ingredients of social prescribing interventions targeting mental health: A systematic review. BMJ Open, 12(7), Article. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-060214
Coventry, P., Brown, J. V. E., Pervin, J., Brabyn, S., Pateman, R., Breedvelt, J., Gilbody, S., Stancliffe, R., McEachan, R., & White, P. C. L. (2021). Nature-based outdoor activities for mental and physical health: Systematic review and meta-analysis. SSM - Population Health, 16, Article 100934. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssmph.2021.100934
Creighton, R. M., Paradis, K. F., Blackburn, N. E., & Tully, M. A. (2022). Group-based physical activity interventions targeting enjoyment in older adults: A systematic review. Journal of Ageing and Longevity, 2(2), 101–118. https://doi.org/10.3390/jal2020011
Deslippe, A. L., Soanes, A., Bouchaud, C. C., Beckenstein, H., Slim, M., Plourde, H., & Cohen, T. R. (2023). Barriers and facilitators to diet, physical activity and lifestyle behavior intervention adherence: A qualitative systematic review of the literature. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 20, Article 14. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12966-023-01424-2
Eather, N., Wade, L., Pankowiak, A., & Eime, R. (2023). The impact of sports participation on mental health and social outcomes in adults: A systematic review and the “Mental Health through Sport” conceptual model. Systematic Reviews, 12, Article 102. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13643-023-02264-8
Edie, R., Lacewell, A., Streisel, C., Wheeler, L. E., George, E., Wrigley, J., Pietrosimone, L., & Figuers, C. (2021). Barriers to exercise in postpartum women: A mixed-methods systematic review. Journal of Women’s Health Physical Therapy, 45(2), 80–92. https://doi.org/10.1097/JWH.0000000000000201
Farrance, C., Tsofliou, F., & Clark, C. (2016). Adherence to community based group exercise interventions for older people: A mixed-methods systematic review. Preventive Medicine, 87, 155–166. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2016.02.037
Franke, T., Sims-Gould, J., Nettlefold, L., Ottoni, C. A., & McKay, H. (2021). “It makes me feel not so alone”: Features of the Choose to Move physical activity intervention that reduce loneliness in older adults. BMC Public Health, 21, Article 312. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-021-10363-1
Gabay, M., & Oravițan, M. (2022). The factors affecting adherence to physical activity in fitness facility settings: A narrative review. Timisoara Physical Education and Rehabilitation Journal, 15(2), 79–88. https://doi.org/10.2478/tperj-2022-0013
Kelly, S., Martin, S., Kuhn, I., Cowan, A., Brayne, C., & Lafortune, L. (2016). Barriers and facilitators to the uptake and maintenance of healthy behaviours by people at mid-life: A rapid systematic review. PLoS ONE, 11(1), Article e0145074. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0145074
Koller, A., Laughlin, M. H., Cenko, E., de Wit, C., Tóth, K., Bugiardini, R., Trifunovic, D., Vavlukis, M., Manfrini, O., Lelbach, A., Dörnyei, G., Padró, T., Badimón, L., Tousoulis, D., Gielen, S., & Duncker, D. J. (2022). Functional and structural adaptations of the coronary macro- and microvasculature to regular aerobic exercise by activation of physiological, cellular, and molecular mechanisms: ESC Working Group on Coronary Pathophysiology and Microcirculation position paper. Cardiovascular Research, 118(2), 357–371. https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/cvab246
Lin, J., Huang, Q., Zhong, X., Zhang, A., & Lin, P. (2025). Mechanisms of adaptations in cardiorespiratory fitness with exercise prescriptions differing in volume and intensity in middle-age men. Journal of Human Sport and Exercise, 20(1), 130–143. https://doi.org/10.55860/qmfy7d62
Madigan, C., Grimmett, C., Sweet, S. N., Daley, A., Kettle, V. E., Phillips, B. E., & Graham, H. (2024). Understanding adult’s experiences and perceptions of how to maintain physical activity: A systematic review and qualitative synthesis. International Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 31(6), 845–861. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12529-024-10335-w
Mohajan, D., & Mohajan, H. (2023). Long-term regular exercise increases V̇O₂max for cardiorespiratory fitness. Innovation in Science and Technology, 2(2), 38–43. https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/116962/
Nunes, P. M., Proença, T., & Todaro, M. E. C. (2023). A systematic review on well-being and ill-being in working contexts: Contributions of self-determination theory. Personnel Review, 52(8), 2026–2046. https://doi.org/10.1108/PR-11-2021-0812
Oja, P., Memon, A. R., Titze, S., Jurakić, D., Chen, S., Shrestha, N., Em, S., Matolić, T., Vasankari, T., Heinonen, A., Grgić, J., Koski, P., Kokko, S., Kelly, P., Foster, C., Podnar, H., & Pedišić, Ž. (2024). Health benefits of different sports: A systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal and intervention studies including 2.6 million adult participants. Sports Medicine - Open, 10, Article 34. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40798-024-00692-x
Peng, B., Ng, J. Y. Y., & Ha, A. S. (2023). Barriers and facilitators to physical activity for young adult women: A systematic review and thematic synthesis of qualitative literature. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 20, Article 23. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12966-023-01411-7
Ramadhana, D. R. (2020). Pembuktian validitas, reliabilitas, dan relevansi instrumen Harvard Step Test untuk pengukuran daya tahan kardiorespirasi anggota UKM Tenis UNY [Skripsi sarjana, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta]. Lumbung Pustaka UNY. https://eprints.uny.ac.id/67312/
Reich-Stiebert, N., Froehlich, L., & Voltmer, J.-B. (2023). Gendered mental labor: A systematic literature review on the cognitive dimension of unpaid work within the household and childcare. Sex Roles, 88(9), 437–463. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11199-023-01362-0
Rodrigues, M. S. A., Atanásio, L. M., Santos, Í. K., Silva, J. C. G., Cabral, B. G. A. T., & Dantas, P. M. S. (2026). Efficacy of interventions to promote exercise adherence in people with overweight or obesity: A systematic review. Journal of Obesity, 2026, Article 4164477. https://doi.org/10.1155/jobe/4164477
Saunders, T. J., McIsaac, T., Douillette, K., Gaulton, N., Hunter, S., Rhodes, R. E., Prince, S. A., Carson, V., Chaput, J.-P., Chastin, S., Giangregorio, L., Janssen, I., Katzmarzyk, P. T., Kho, M. E., Poitras, V. J., Powell, K. E., Ross, R., Ross-White, A., Tremblay, M. S., & Healy, G. N. (2020). Sedentary behaviour and health in adults: An overview of systematic reviews. Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, 45(10), S197–S217. https://doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2020-0272
Shekelle, P. G., Miake-Lye, I. M., Begashaw, M. M., Booth, M., Myers, B., Lowery, N. E., & Shrank, W. H. (2024). Interventions to reduce loneliness in community-living older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of General Internal Medicine, 39(1), 105–115. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11606-023-08517-5
Singh, B., Olds, T., Curtis, R., Dumuid, D., Virgara, R., Watson, A., Szeto, K., O’Connor, E. J., Ferguson, T., Eglitis, E., Miatke, A., Simpson, C. E. M., & Maher, C. (2023). Effectiveness of physical activity interventions for improving depression, anxiety and distress: An overview of systematic reviews. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 57(18), 1203–1209. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2022-106195
Stevens, M. R., Rees, T., Coffee, P., Steffens, N. K., Haslam, S. A., & Polman, R. (2017). A social identity approach to understanding and promoting physical activity. Sports Medicine, 47(10), 1911–1918. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-017-0720-4
Tcymbal, A., Abu-Omar, K., Hartung, V., Bußkamp, A., Comito, C., Roßmann, C., Meinzinger, D., & Reimers, A. K. (2022). Interventions simultaneously promoting social participation and physical activity in community living older adults: A systematic review. Frontiers in Public Health, 10, Article 1048496. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2022.1048496
White, R. L., Vella, S. A., Biddle, S. J. H., Sutcliffe, J., Guagliano, J. M., Uddin, R., Burgin, A., Apostolopoulos, T., Nguyen, T., Young, C., Taylor, N., Lilley, S., & Teychenne, M. (2024). Physical activity and mental health: A systematic review and best-evidence synthesis of mediation and moderation studies. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 21, Article 148. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12966-024-01676-6
Winarto, A. (2025). An overview of self-determination in supporting healthy aging in older adults: A narrative review. Journal of Rural Community Nursing Practice, 3(2), 105–115. https://doi.org/10.58545/jrcnp.v3i2.594
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Dwi Yulia Nur Mulyadi, Nevitaningrum, Fariha Nilan (Author)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
