Abstract
This study aims to determine the profile of basic motion skills and motor development of early childhood aged 4-6 years. This study will focus on collecting data related to basic early childhood movement skills, taking into account various aspects that affect motor development. Research using descriptive quantitative methods. The population in this study were children who were at the age of 4-6 years in kindergarten (TK) in the city of Palembang. The sample used a random sampling technique with a total of 60 children. Collection using tests, observations, and interviews. The research instrument used the Test of Gross Motor Development-2. Data analysis uses quantitative analysis and descriptive analysis. The results showed that TK Negeri 4 Pembina had the highest average score in the category of very good 31.25% and good 37.92%, showing good motor skills in the majority of children. TK Harapan Bangsa 3 recorded the highest score in The Good category of 45.42% but low in the very good category of 25.83%. TK Gita Wijaya has the highest score in the category of enough 25.00% and less than 5.00%, indicating the need for more attention to the development of children's motor skills. Research in three kindergartens in Palembang shows the majority of children have good motor skills, especially in skills such as balanced walking and sprinting.Further research suggestions could be to put together structured exercise programs and training for educators to optimally improve children's motor skills.
References
Aliriad, H., Da’i, M., S, A., & Apriyanto, R. (2023). Strategi Peningkatan Motorik untuk Menstimulus Motorik Anak Usia Dini melalui Pendekatan Aktivitas Luar Ruangan. In Jurnal Obsesi : Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini (Vol. 7, Issue 4, pp. 4609–4623). Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai. https://doi.org/10.31004/obsesi.v7i4.4149
Aliriad, H., S, A., Manullang, J. G., Endrawan, I. B., & Satria, M. H. (2024). Improvement of Motor Skills and Motivation to Learn Physical Education Through the Use of Traditional Games. In Physical Education Theory and Methodology (Vol. 24, Issue 1, pp. 32–40). LLC OVS. https://doi.org/10.17309/tmfv.2024.1.04
Ambarwati, H. (2024). Analisis Media Pembelajaran Dalam Meningkatkan Perkembangan Motorik Halus Anak Usia Dini. In Jurnal DZURRIYAT Jurnal Pendidikan Islam Anak Usia Dini (Vol. 2, Issue 2, pp. 28–45). Yayasan Pendidikan Dzurriyatul Quran. https://doi.org/10.61104/dz.v2i2.317
Anggraeni, S., Mu’ammar, M., Faruq, A., & Adilah, N. (2024). Implementasi Alat Permainan Edukatif (APE) Keterampilan Meronce untuk Menumbuhkan Perkembangan Sensorik dan Motorik Anak Usia Dini. In Al Tahdzib: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam Anak Usia Dini (Vol. 3, Issue 1, pp. 1–16). STAI Publisistik Thawalib Jakarta. https://doi.org/10.54150/altahdzib.v3i1.330
Aniyawati. (2024). Perkembangan Fisik Motorik Anak Usia Dini Umur 4-5 Tahun Di Tk Ulil Al’bab Desa Tanjung Raya, Kabupaten Way Kanan. In Tadzkirah : Jurnal Pendidikan Dasar (Vol. 8, Issue 1, pp. 24–33). Sekolah Tinggi Agama Islam Al-Ma’arif Way Kanan. https://doi.org/10.55510/tadzkirah.v8i1.275
Biino, V. (2024). Motor Games for Learning Fundamental Motor Skills. In Updates on Physical Fitness in Children. IntechOpen. https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.1003786
Biino, V., Giustino, V., Gallotta, M. C., Bellafiore, M., Battaglia, G., Lanza, M., Baldari, C., Giuriato, M., Figlioli, F., Guidetti, L., & Schena, F. (2023). Effects of sports experience on children's gross motor coordination level. Frontiers in Sports and Active Living, 5, 1310074. https://doi.org/10.3389/fspor.2023.1310074
Costa, C. L. A., Cattuzzo, M. T., Stodden, D. F., & Ugrinowitsch, H. (2021). Motor competence in fundamental motor skills and sport skill learning: Testing the proficiency barrier hypothesis. Human Movement Science, 80, 102877. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.humov.2021.102877
Darmawati, N. B., & Widyasari, C. (2022). Permainan tradisional engklek dalam meningkatkan motorik kasar anak usia dini. In Jurnal Obsesi: Jurnal Pendidikan …. scholar.archive.org.
Dike, I. M., Putra, M. F. P., & Wandik, Y. (2023). Gerak dasar dan permainan tradisional. Multilateral Jurnal Pendidikan Jasmani Dan Olahraga, 22(4), 209–222. https://doi.org/10.20527/multilateral.v22i4.16466
Fadlan, M. N., Dwi, D. F., Anshor, A. S., & Landong, A. (2023). Improving Basic Locomotor Movement Skills in Elementary School Students Through an Active Learning Approach Based on Traditional Games. In Pedagogik Journal of Islamic Elementary School (pp. 229–238). Institut Agama Islam Negeri (IAIN) Palopo. https://doi.org/10.24256/pijies.v6i2.4319
Fitri, R., Hasibuan, R., & Setyowati, S. (2022). Neurokinestetik: Model Aktivitas Gerak pada Anak Usia Dini untuk Kesiapan Belajar. In Jurnal Obsesi : Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini (Vol. 6, Issue 6, pp. 7186–7203). Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai. https://doi.org/10.31004/obsesi.v6i6.2106
Gmamdya, H., Souissi, M. A., Bougrine, H., Baaziz, M., Guelmami, N., Majdi, B., Robin, N., & Bali, N. (2023). The Positive Impact of Combining Motor Imagery, Action Observation and Coach’s Feedback on Archery Accuracy of Young Athletes. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 130(5), 2226–2248. https://doi.org/10.1177/00315125231193218
Gustian, U., Gandasari, F. M., & Mahendra, A. (2024). Effectiveness of Teaching Games for Understanding (TGfU): Using a modified Kasti game to stimulate elementary school students’ motor skills. In Edu Sportivo: Indonesian Journal of Physical Education (Vol. 5, Issue 1, pp. 54–63). UIR Press. https://doi.org/10.25299/esijope.2024.vol5(1).16335
Harini, Y. N. A., & Zenab, A. S. (2023). Ucing Corona: Modifikasi Permainan Tradisional pada Era Adaptasi Kebiasaan Baru. In Panggung (Vol. 33, Issue 3). Institut Seni Budaya Indonesia Bandung. https://doi.org/10.26742/panggung.v33i3.1751
Harvianto, Y., & Bernisa, B. (2019). Pelatihan Pembelajaran Penjas Yang Menarik Denganmetode Progress Card Melalui Circuit Trainingdanladder Drill. Abdi Masyarakat, 1(2). https://doi.org/10.36312/abdi.v1i2.1090
Honrubia-Montesinos, C., Gil-Madrona, P., & Losada-Puente, L. (2021). Motor Development among Spanish Preschool Children. Children, 8(1), 41. https://doi.org/10.3390/children8010041
Ibrahim, N. I., & Elvira, M. (2024). Pengaruh Kegiatan Paper Quilling Terhadap Perkembangan Motorik Halus Anak. In Jurnal Penelitian Anak Usia Dini (Vol. 3, Issue 1, pp. 1–10). Maulana Malik Ibrahim State Islamic University. https://doi.org/10.18860/jpaud.v3i1.7627
Kaioglou, V., & Venetsanou, F. (2020). How Can We Assess Physical Literacy In Gymnastics? A Critical Review Of Physical Literacy Assessment Tools. In Science of Gymnastics Journal (Vol. 12, Issue 1, pp. 27–47). University of Ljubljana. https://doi.org/10.52165/sgj.12.1.27-47
Kavanagh, H., Issartel, J., Meegan, S., & Manninen, M. (2023). Exploring the motor skill proficiency barrier among children with intellectual disabilities: Analysis at a behavioural component level. PLOS ONE, 18(11), e0288413. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0288413
Kwon, H., Maeng, H., & Chung, J. (2022). Development of an ICT-Based Exergame Program for Children with Developmental Disabilities. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 11(19), 5890. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11195890
Mashuri, H., Mappaompo, M. A., A, P., Rahman, T., Saparia, A., & Juhanis, J. (2022). Pengaruh Permainan Gerak Dasar dengan Circuit Training terhadap Perkembangan Motorik Kasar Anak. Jurnal Obsesi : Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 6(6), 6583–6593. https://doi.org/10.31004/obsesi.v6i6.2213
Nurjani, Y. Y. (2019). Upaya mengembangkan motorik halus anak usia dini melalui kegiatan menggunting. Journal of SPORT (Sport, Physical Education, Organization, Recreation, and Training), 3(2), 85–92.
Prasetiyo, R., Yunarta, A., & Andrianto, J. R. (2023). Outdoor Games Activities Model to Improve Students’ Basic Movement and Creative Thinking Skills. Bravo’s : Jurnal Program Studi Pendidikan Jasmani Dan Kesehatan, 11(4), 452. https://doi.org/10.32682/bravos.v11i4.3432
Rachmaniar, A., & Zanzabil, R. A. (2024). MEMAHAMI TUGAS PERKEMBANGAN ANAK USIA DINI. In Jurnal Pengabdian Pendidikan Masyarakat (JPPM) (Vol. 5, Issue 1, pp. 93–96). LP3M STKIP Muhammadiyah Muara Bungo. https://doi.org/10.52060/jppm.v5i1.1803
Sriyanti, & Zanki, A. S. (2024). Permainan Tradisional Engklek Dalam Menstimulasi Perkembangan Motorik Kasar Anak. In At-Thufail Jurnal Pendidikan Islam Anak Usia Dini (Vol. 1, Issue 1, pp. 1–9). Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Tarbiyah Muhammadiyah Bojonegoro. https://doi.org/10.59829/8ykzd376
Tahmasebi, F., Hatami, F., Mohammadi, M., & Ahmadi, G. (2023). Cross-Cultural Comparison of Fundamental Movement Skills of Children of Iranian Ethnicities. Iranian Journal of Public Health, 52(11), 2459–2466. https://doi.org/10.18502/ijph.v52i11.14045
Tristya, I. (2024). Tinjauan Literature Media Pembelajaran Dalam Meningkatkan Perkembangan Motorik Kasar Anak Usia Dini. In Jurnal DZURRIYAT Jurnal Pendidikan Islam Anak Usia Dini (Vol. 2, Issue 2, pp. 73–88). Yayasan Pendidikan Dzurriyatul Quran. https://doi.org/10.61104/dz.v2i2.316
Wandi, Z. N., & Mayar, F. (2019). Analisis Kemampuan Motorik Halus dan Kreativitas pada Anak Usia Dini melalui Kegiatan Kolase. Jurnal Obsesi: Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 4(1), 351–358.
Waspodo, M., Widiyastuti, S., & Madjid, H. T. A. (2024). Karakteristik Ibu dalam Upaya Meningkatkan Perkembangan Fisik Motorik Anak Usia Dini. In Jurnal Obsesi : Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini (Vol. 8, Issue 3, pp. 523–534). Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai. https://doi.org/10.31004/obsesi.v8i3.3358
Wijaya, H. (2019). Metode-Metode Penelitian Dalam Penulisan Jurnal Ilmiah Elektronik. OSF Preprints. https://doi.org/10.31219/osf.io/dw7fq
Wijayaningsih, L. (2023). Stimulasi Perkembangan Motorik Kasar Anak Usia Dini Melalui Permainan Tradisional “Gobak Sodor.” In Social Philanthropic (Vol. 2, Issue 1, pp. 59–63). Universitas Bhayangkara Jakarta Raya. https://doi.org/10.31599/sp.v2i1.2767
Yudaparmita, G. N. A. (2022). Keterampilan Gerak Dasar Anak Usia Dini Dalam Pendidikan Jasmani Berdasarkan Sudut Pandang Merdeka Belajar. In Widya Kumara: Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini (Vol. 3, Issue 1, p. 21). Sekolah Tinggi Agama Hindu Negeri Mpu Kuturan Singaraja. https://doi.org/10.55115/widyakumara.v3i1.2069
Yulia, K. A. (2024). Peningkatan Keterampilan Motorik Halus Anak Usia Dini Melalui Kegiatan Messy Play. In Edukids: Jurnal Pertumbuhan, Perkembangan, dan Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini (Vol. 21, Issue 1). Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia (UPI). https://doi.org/10.17509/edukids.v21i2.71647
Zheng, Y., Ye, W., Korivi, M., Liu, Y., & Hong, F. (2022). Gender Differences in Fundamental Motor Skills Proficiency in Children Aged 3–6 Years: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(14), 8318. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19148318

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Copyright (c) 2025 Noviria Sukmawati, Selvi Melianty, Nuzsep Almigo, Komang Julia Wati, Robbani Azzahra Azhari (Author)